Menstrual cycle

Follicular Phase – 

The days immediately post menstruation till ovulation is considered follicular phase when few follicles grow every cycle in the ovary. One of these follicle becomes the dominant follicle and outgrows other follicles.

LH surge 36 hours prior to ovulation there surge in the LH levels leading to dominant follicle releasing the egg from the dominant follicle which is called ovulation. Egg survives in birth canal for 24 hours and should meet the sperm during this period for fertilisation to take place.

Luteal Phase – 

Following ovulation the ovary produces progesterone under influence of which necessary changes take place in the endometrium which favours implantation. During luteal phase progesterone level is increased in blood which continues to be high if pregnancy takes place. In the absence of pregnancy the progesterone level falls leading to shedding of endometrium which comes out of vaginal track in the form of menstrual blood.

Menstruation is also known as menstruation, menstruation, menstrual cycle or MC, and periods. Due to the changes in hormones in women’s bodies, the discharge from the uterus and the internal part is called menstruation.  Menstruation does not happen at the same age. It can happen to girls only at the age of 8 to 17 years. In some developed countries, girls have their first period at the age of 12 or 13.  By the way, in general, the menstrual cycle of girls starts at the age of 11 to 13 years.

At what age, a girl will start menstruating depends on many things. The composition of the girl’s jeans, food, style of work, the place where she lives, the height of that place, etc. Periods or menstruation come once a month. This cycle is usually 28 to 35 days.  This process happens every month until the woman becomes pregnant. This means there is regular menstruation or menstruation between 28 to 35 days. Menstruation lasts for 3 to 5 days for some girls or women, while for some 2 to 7 days.

The period comes once a month. This cycle is usually 28 to 35 days.

Some symptoms appear in a woman’s body before menstruation or menstruation comes—for example, the problem of abdominal pain and cramps before menstruation. Diarrhea or vomiting may also occur with the onset of menstruation. With the start of menstruation, apart from problems in the stomach, the desire to eat also increases. Women tend to eat more during menstruation than on normal days.  Because of this, there is also a possibility of weight gain during menstruation.

How menstruation begins:

When a girl reaches adolescence, her ovaries start producing estrogen and progesterone hormones. Due to these hormones, the lining of the uterus begins thickening once every month. Some other hormones signal the ovaries to produce and release an unfertilized ovum. Normally, if a girl does not have sex around menstruation, the lining of the uterus, which was getting thicker to prepare for pregnancy, breaks down and comes out as bleeding. This is called menstruation.

The menstrual cycle produces hormones that keep the body healthy. Every month these hormones prepare the body for pregnancy.  The day of the menstrual cycle is counted from the first day of the period to the first day of the next period. The menstrual cycle in girls can range from 21 days to 45 days. Normally the menstrual cycle is of 28 to 35 days.

Changes in hormones:

A hormone called estrogen starts to increase in the early days of the menstrual cycle. This hormone keeps the body healthy, especially makes the bones strong. Also, due to this hormone, a velvety layer of blood and tissues is formed on the inner wall of the uterus so that the embryo can grow rapidly by getting nourishment there.  This layer is made up of blood and tissue.

Bleeding:

During periods, the question often comes to mind that for how long should the bleeding last and in what quantity should it be considered normal. The secretion released during the period, i.e., MC, is not just blood. It also includes destroyed tissue. The quantity of blood in this is only about 50 ml.